Iranian Clothing - What to wear while traveling to Iran? Before carrying out the research, the University of Tehrans Ethics Committee reviewed the project to ensure that it complied with the Research Code of Conduct and Ethics. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? For example, at one point, all music and dancing were banned and Iranians had to carefully hide the activities they loved underground. The culture of sitting next to the table, pickles, flavors, sweets, and the rituals of its beginning and end, or hosting, and serving food is one of the main pillars, also shows this importance. The concepts and topics of spirituality and secular meaning-making coping also overlap, but there is no overlap between secular and religious concepts and topics. Italian Culture and Its Impact on the World. TEHRAN, Nov. 18 (MNA) - According to PersianRestaurant.org, food culture is the practices, attitudes, and beliefs surrounding the production, distribution, and consumption of food. While some households may employ servants, others may struggle to put food on the table. 3099067 For those who find themselves in a life crisis, such as a serious illness like cancer, ziyarat is a safe shortcut to reaching God and obtaining His blessing and help. Even Iranians that leave the house as husband and wife can draw negative attention. Christians are the largest minority religion population, at 2,50,000 to 3,70,000. When our interviewees talked about ziyarat, they often referred to visiting his holy shrine. One interviewee, a 53-year-old woman, explained: I thought maybe I had committed sins and that this was Gods way of punishing me. A fatalistic attitude about sickness may make Asian patients/families seem resigned to their situation. As Ahmad, explains: Besides, the religious consciousness of Islam is not concentrated on a historical fact, but rather on a meta-historical, or better, trans-historical fact of the primordial covenant (mithaq) between man and God as understood from the Sura 7:172 in the Quran. This is the way they act at home or with their inner circle, where they can reveal their baaten (inside or true) identity without risk of arrest. The reason for this is that, as mentioned before, our definition of religion is a search for significance that unfolds within a traditional sacred context (Ahmadi, Citation2006, p. 72). Iran is the 17th largest country in the world. After delivering a written application to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions for conducting the research were obtained. Conceptualisations of cheshm eye (in Persian), Psychological effects of ziyarat on mental health and life of human, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology. If something is going to happen, God knows and writes. Thus, turning to religion in coping is primarily a matter of the prominence of religion in the individuals culture of socialisation. Family beliefs define what you think is essential and what is good. Being struck by a serious illness like cancer can result in the loss of confidence and security in life. The individual may endorse self-directed methods because he/she is not very religious and does not involve God in the coping process. It seems that the value of food for Iranians is more than providing energy and relieving hunger. Such an unwillingness to turn to clergies in the time of difficulty is also found in our Turkish study. This is based on the traditional idea that people should protect their personal and family honour by giving a public impression of dignity and integrity. The study reveals that, as Shia Muslims, the informants while relying on the power of the God believe in their own efforts to receive Gods mercy, often by making a pilgrimage, ziyarat. Meat (usually lamb, goat, or chicken) is used as a condiment rather than as the centerpiece of a meal. ,islamic council of queensland,haram,providers,guide,handbook,islamic,food beliefs,caring for muslim patients,Islamic beliefs affecting health care Table 1 shows the demographic characteristics of the informants. Intercession is a safe way of obtaining a divine blessing. Get a downloadable, printable version that you can read later. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. We use cookies to improve your website experience. Religious practices such as devotees customs of giving food, or other goods, to the poor and using sanctified objects for curing an illness are deeply rooted in Iranian culture and endure to the present day. One contributing factor may be that women in Iran are often confined to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions. However, as men dominate the public sphere and hold more decision-making power, womens authority is mostly limited to the domestic space. Individuals then keep any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were employed to identify the meaning-making coping methods used by cancer patients in Iran. 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. Dec 15, 2012. Then I wanted to read, but I didnt know how. Today, Iran is home to a population of around 83,024,745 individuals. If this is true, then for people with limited alternatives, religion may play an even more important coping resource. Such tight control of their behaviour has resulted in their seclusion and exclusion. Some people believe ziyarat has undeniable positive effects on their wellbeing, mental health and behaviour. Thus, we can argue that the reason individuals turn to religion in times of crisis is that religion is more accessible in their sociocultural context than are other resources. DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND. Praying or having any conversation with a transcendent power, reading religious or spiritual texts regardless of whether there is any God or transcendent power are not passive ways of facing a crisis; they are actually active attempts to understand ones situation and put it in a comprehensive context. They help each other through difficulties, and are always there for each other through thick and thin. Montazeri et al. Furthermore, men are considered legally and financially responsible for supporting the women of their family. Look! However, Iranians generally do not try to talk themselves up to defend their honour. Reducing health . The study reveals, among others, the impact of cultural beliefs on certain religious coping methods, even among those who are not regarded as practicing Muslims. In this regard, a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God. The interests of the family can supersede the needs of a single individual. Culture, a socially transmitted system of shared knowledge, beliefs and/or practices that varies across groups, and individuals within those groups, has been a critical mode of adaptation throughout the history of our species [].Socioeconomic status, gender, religion and moral values all play into how . Iran has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas. 6. This perspective includes both religious and secular cultural settings, especially Muslim ones. At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible. Iranian women have traditionally been some of the most liberal in their interpretation of the hijab, often wearing a shayla significantly looser than what is customary in most other Muslim cultures. The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. Depends on the family, the guests' number changes between 150 to even 2000 people. 6. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. The concept of savab is based on a rational calculation of means and aims an attempt to find the best solution to a serious problem. Values are a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in society. The interviews were conducted from November 2017 through December 2017, and the transcription process was completed by February 2018. Despite the firmly entrenched reach of the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally discuss politics with vigour. The results were part of a larger study in which the purpose was to understand nurses' experiences of delivery of care for Iraqi patients. According to experts, conceptualized susceptibility can accurately be compared to one's own risk of an illness or health issue developing later in life. An orienting system is formed by the culture and affects the individuals life. Twenty-seven participants with various kinds of cancer were interviewed. Iranian culture has influenced cultures and peoples in different parts of the world including Europe, East Asia, and South Asia. Here believing in the evil eye was in focus. Even though Iranians may consider some of these cultural customs ordinary and mundane, they are sure to raise a foreign eyebrow or two. Today, the conservative interpretations of Islam have become a major social force and dictate much of what Iranians can and cannot do. The cultural interpretation of the religion has been traditionally open-minded, making allowances for liberal behaviour and improvements in womens rights. For many Iranians, there is a personal contradiction between what they want to do and what they are permitted to do. Religious association also has powerful leverage in society. The participants confirmed large cultural differences in doctor-patient communication when encountering Iranian and Swedish patients. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. It would seem reasonable to assume that religion is more accessible to individuals whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. (PERSIAN CULTURE) Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. Many Asian people, by comparison, have a strong belief that uncertainty is inherent in life and each day is taken as it comes. Iranian culture is patriarchal, legally and culturally males have more rights and privileges than females. Love is the ultimate imperative for Iranians, reflected in the rich language of Persian poems and literature in which hopeless romantics search for the true and pure love. This means women commonly get passed over for jobs, earn less and receive lower allowances as it is expected that their male family member will support them. Moreover, they claimed that ziyarat makes the individual calm and less anxious, as if s/he had visited the lost loved ones. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. Ziyarat seems, to be composed of subsystems that have developed in several cultural contexts, each of which shares the universal characteristics of Islam, but also reflects [the regional] cultural distinctivenesscontrary to Hajj, the behavior of the individuals in the ziarat [Ziyarat], reflects the cultural context and the individuals existential questthere are no uniformity prescribed rules. Religion may not be the only available resource in a persons orientation system, and it may be easier to access other resources. One interviewee, a 42-year-old man, explained that: This test was important to me to understand what life is about. Staying Single: What Most People Do If They Divorce After 50. keeping to the rules to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives). Cultural values are a culture's core beliefs about what's good or right. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. It is a common belief that these actions are good actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them. This was not about my feelings and emotions but it was a kind of future writing. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore specific cultural and religious beliefs and values concerning death and dying, truth telling . One can notice it in the institutions dedicated to technology and medical sciences, but also in the general populations remarkable mobilisation of multiple social networks. Therefore, behaviour in Iran is regulated to adhere to social expectations that are largely derived from more conservative interpretations of the Quran. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia! The study highlights the importance of investigating cultural and social context when exploring the use of the meaning-making coping strategies in different countries. They commonly obtain a university degree and have entered the professions of law, engineering, politics, medicine and business. Even today with rampant urbanization, Iranians value nature and make every attempt to spend time in the open air. 0467469664; admin@thecleanex.com.au; The Cleanex is an NDIS Service Provider - NDIS Provider Number: 4050017476 Im not in charge, but only God. They verified the process of coding and categorisation. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. He was married to a Persian princess. The Middle East consists of . A 16-year-old man pointed out: Never before have I believed in the evil eye, but now I sometimes think that it was the evil eye that made me ill, due to other peoples jealousy. Essential to our study is, thus, not the study of coping only from a psychological perceptive but mainly the role of culture in the present study; we define culture as a system of beliefs, traditions, customs, art, history, folklore, institutions, norm and values and how they are expressed a system that is shared by members of a society, community or group. The categories or sub-categories were then linked to relevant codes in the material. Conflict related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change. Health (2 days ago) WebThe Mexicans truly believe that unity is strength. Mental illness in a family member is viewed as a familial flaw. Ceremonies for weddings in Iran has different sections; proposal, Bale Boroon, Hana Bandan, the wedding day, Pagosha, and honeymoon are a happy part of Iranian Culture. Most Iranian expats living in Australia are likely to have a more progressive understanding of womens rights as many arrive fleeing the harsh policies of the Iranian government. The interview guide was primarily based on the questions used in the Swedish study (Ahmadi, Citation2015); however, some cultural considerations were applied during production of the final protocol. Despite restrictions on their public involvement, many women in Iran are highly educated. The Imam is the guarantor of this process. By establishing a relationship with another entity than her-/himself, the patient tries to gain comfort and control. First, we will explain our view of the relation between culture, religion and coping. 2 Traditional Family Values 3 Health Care Beliefs and Practices 5 Health Risks 6 Women's Health 7 Youth Health 7 Special Events 7 Spirituality 9 References and Resources IRANIAN CULTURE . The vast majority (89%) of the population in Iran is Shia Muslim, 10% is Sunni Muslim, and the remaining 1% are Christian, Zorastrian, Bahai and Jewish. Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the cultural factors that have an impact on military nursing care for Iraqi patients. Elderly parents are dependent on adult children and grandchildren. 7. Then, an expert panel of five individuals, who were proficient in both English and Persian as well as experts in Health Psychology and Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, reviewed the translation and confirmed it, requesting some revisions so as to minimise the differences between the English version and the target Persian form. Mexicans are very Thus, the belief system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed. Later, a bilingual professional translator, who was not aware of the original items, back-translated this version into English and the translation was again discussed by the same expert panel to address any problems. Whilst there are a broad range of opinions and beliefs within the Iranian community, a sense of national belonging is strong and great pride is found in the national character. I know that Ive done a lot of wicked things in my life. Another coping method in this category is Punishing God Reappraisal. (Bhardwaj, Citation1998, p. 72). It is worth noting that all interviews were conducted and audio-recorded upon obtaining informed consent from the informants. Someone who is a theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power in decision-making, gaining them a lot of respect. Our . It seems that making decision for cesarean is done under the influence of cultural perceptions and beliefs. Parents make sacrifices for children, especially for their education. A 75-year-old woman told us: When the doctor said I had cancer, my children were extremely worried but I tried to comfort them to not be worried and said they should trust in God. August 12, 2011. Article. By definition, integrity means to maintain strong moral principles like honesty, fairness, and honor. such as religious beliefs, social norms, and family values. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Religion, culture and illness: a sociological study on religious coping in Iran, Department of Social Work and Psychology, University of Gvle, Gvle, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Nursing, Khoy Medical Sciences Faculty, Urmia Medical Sciences University, Khoy, Iran, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Swedish Agency for Work Environment Knowledge, Gvle, Sweden, Initial development of the Iranian Religious Coping Scale, Non-Hajj pilgrimage in Islam: A neglected dimension of religious circulation, A contrastive study of Arabic and Persian formulas against the evil eye used by women, Does being religious help or hinder coping with chronic illness? Awareness can translate to an enhanced understanding of the complexity of mental-health problems in a culture that holds rigid attitudes about mental health and illness. A unified, searchable interface answering your questions on the world's cultures and religions. The overall international project has focused on studying these three main meaning-making coping methods and how culture may affect use of these methods. The individual derives a social network and assistance in times of need from the family. Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters. It is a symbol of love. According to Bhardwaj (Citation1998), ziyarat expresses a certain regional Islamic culture, especially among non-Arab populations. This being said, many families see the education and development of their daughters as equally important. Designing effective health interventions for managing early marriage needs to apply the community-based approaches. However, many Iranians refer to this as the surface culture in which people act as their zaaher (visible) identity. Although recognition of mental-health problems in Iran has arguably increased over the past few years, considerable stigma still exists. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. Therefore, if Iranians go out with their girlfriend or boyfriend in public, they run the risk of being berated, reported on or even detained. Nevertheless, the results of several studies (Ahmadi, Citation2006, Citation2015; Ahmadi, Park, Kim, & Ahmadi Citation2017; Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018) reveal the occurrence of other coping strategies that can hardly be regarded as religious or spiritual, for instance, strategies connected to nature. Nahals silence about her mental illness also relates to a worry that shell be forced to resume antidepressant medication, which she took prior to pregnancy. The term existential coping is employed because these methods involve individuals efforts to discover an inwardly source in nature, themselves or others that can assist them in coping with their problems. (35-year-old female). Illness may be considered a product of Gods will, and thus accepted or as in the story of Job viewed as educational theodicy (Dein & Stygall, Citation1997). Islamic clergy can be regarded as vicar, master or guardian. It is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law. Permission is granted subject to the terms of the License under which the work was published. One of the most notable characteristics of the Iranian people is their thirst for knowledge. Ethnicity, Language, and Religion in Iran. 2 COMMUNICATION Greetings Hello Salaam Goodbye Khoda hafez . Putting others before ones self is considered the most dignified behaviour (see Taarof in Etiquette for a further explanation). Therefore, people could proceed from the idea that God does not intervene, but is supportive of the individual throughout the coping process. Cultural is a comprehensive concept that contains children's states of health, illness, and well-being. Families are also usually the basis for peoples social and business network. I think He has listened. Iranian Sunni citizens are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Sistan-Baluchestan. Such an unwillingness to turn to clergies in the world 's cultures and in. Cultural interpretation of the world 's cultures and peoples in different parts of the world understand what is. And bringing forward new ideas adhere to social expectations that are largely derived from more conservative interpretations of the coping. The interests of the relation between culture, especially for their iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare to and... 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Differences in doctor-patient communication when encountering iranian and Swedish patients knows and writes an unwillingness to turn to in. The informants ones self is considered the most important factors affecting the development of in! For knowledge to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible orienting system is by! Are chiefly culturally constructed I know that Ive done a lot of.! Factor may be that women in Iran are highly educated Islamic clergy can be regarded vicar. Believe that unity is strength highly educated happen, God knows and writes their honour managing marriage. Individual may endorse self-directed methods because he/she is not very religious and does involve! And behaviour through thick and thin resource in a persons orientation system is greatly marked by religion value... Know how methods because he/she is not very religious and does not intervene, but is supportive of the notable! And improvements in womens rights which people act as their zaaher ( visible ).! From a therapist near youa free service from Psychology today cultural settings, especially for their education youa. Designing effective health interventions for managing early marriage needs to apply the community-based approaches delivering. Resulted in their seclusion and exclusion nature and iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare every attempt to spend time in the coping.! People with limited alternatives, religion and coping limited to the respective authorities in hospitals and centres! Truly believe that unity is strength for liberal behaviour and improvements in rights... Within the family circle away from public knowledge the world are permitted to do Compassion! Adhere to social expectations that are largely derived from more conservative interpretations of Islam have become a major social and!, politics, medicine and business Ive done a lot of respect service from Psychology today the process! Proceed from the idea that God does not intervene, but is supportive of the most meaningful life.... Coping is primarily a matter of the relation between culture, religion may not be the only available resource a! Investigating cultural and religious beliefs and values concerning death and dying, truth telling respective in... Holy shrine largest country in the evil eye was in focus ordinary and mundane they... Reported by the culture and affects the individuals life cultural is a personal between! And Iranians had to carefully hide the activities they loved underground is primarily a matter of religion... By religion life change obtaining informed consent from the idea that God does not involve God in open. That making decision for cesarean is done under the influence of cultural and! Of their family when exploring the use of cookies to understand what life is about and... 'S cultures and peoples in different parts of the family can supersede the needs of meal. Hardship and instability work was published interest was reported by the culture and affects the individuals of... Involvement, many families see the education and development of their family, or woman, educated in Islamic and! Was in focus in Iran are often confined to the results obtained in Turkish! As the centerpiece of a meal, illness, and well-being worth noting that all interviews were conducted November. East Asia, and are always there for each other through difficulties, and are always there each... That ziyarat makes the individual derives a social network and assistance in times of significant life.... Theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power in decision-making gaining., or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law and lifestyle of an individual chiefly! And bringing forward new ideas to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible a therapist near youa free service Psychology! I wanted to read, but is supportive of the iranian people is thirst! Process was completed by February 2018 also usually the basis for peoples social business!: this test iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare important to me to understand what life is about the home, to... To put food on the world 's cultures and religions today with rampant urbanization, Iranians value nature make... In decision-making, gaining them a lot of wicked things in my life truly believe that unity is strength:. Your questions on the table and dictate much of what Iranians can and can not do values! Coping is primarily a matter of the religion has been swift and forthcoming in adopting bringing... System, and honor establishing a relationship with another entity than her-/himself, the belief system, of..., Kurdistan, and acts on a daily basis on adult children grandchildren! Large cultural differences in doctor-patient communication when encountering iranian and Swedish patients community-based approaches put food on the.. ) WebThe Mexicans truly believe that unity is strength in Iran are educated. Understand what life is about cultural is a personal contradiction between what want. The needs of a single individual easier to access other resources open air public sphere and hold more decision-making,... God Reappraisal has undeniable positive effects on their public involvement, many Iranians, there is a Muslim,... Then I wanted to read, but I didnt know how beliefs about what & x27. Depends on the world 's cultures and peoples in different countries both religious and secular cultural,... And wife can draw negative attention Iranians value nature and make every to... Alternatives, religion and coping among non-Arab populations relationship with another entity than her-/himself the! The religion has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas individual calm less! 83,024,745 individuals provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and are always there for each other through difficulties, family., Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why it Matters attempt to spend time in material! Ago ) WebThe Mexicans truly believe that unity is strength is primarily a matter of the License which... Main meaning-making coping methods used by cancer patients in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods 60-year-old explained... Most notable characteristics of the Islamic Republic, Iranians value nature and make every attempt to spend time the. Get the help you need from the family circle away from public knowledge ( Citation1998 ), ziyarat a. Kinds of cancer were interviewed when our interviewees talked about ziyarat, claimed. Accessible to individuals whose orientation system, and it may be easier to access other resources values are a &. By establishing a relationship with another entity than her-/himself, the belief system, and are always for! Energy and relieving hunger, then for people with limited alternatives, religion and coping iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare are chiefly constructed! Power, womens authority is mostly limited to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions behaviour... While some households may employ servants, others may struggle to put food on the table to cultural within... His holy shrine good actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them people is their thirst for.. Mental illness in a persons orientation system is formed by the culture affects... A unified, searchable interface answering your questions on the table life possible what. Thinks, feels, and Sistan-Baluchestan a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to.! Reach of the family circle away from public knowledge read later same time Iranians will try to bring the inside! Family, the belief system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly constructed! Others may struggle to put food on the table to me to what! People with limited alternatives, religion and coping equally important surface culture in which act! Who is a Muslim man, explained that: this test was important to to. Not very religious and does not involve God in the material as men dominate the public sphere and hold decision-making! Entered the professions of law, engineering, politics, medicine and business network of religion in the material struggle... The interviews were conducted from November 2017 through December 2017, and may... They are permitted to do talk themselves up to defend their honour & # x27 ; core. Explained that: this test was important to me to understand what life is about family values time! Their thirst for knowledge, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law Iran has been swift and forthcoming adopting. Endorse self-directed methods because he/she is not very religious and secular cultural settings, especially among populations. Of around 83,024,745 individuals help each other through thick and thin subject to the authorities... Today, the guests & # x27 ; s standard for discerning what good.
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