On other policy issues, however, Xi has exhibited paradoxical preferences and tendencies. Li then served as party secretary of Liaoning Province (200407). Their perceptions of Xi as a Mao-like figure may now be crystallized. A government memo from April identified seven "subversive currents" that are not to be spoken of, including "universal values" like human rights, press freedom, judicial independence, economic neoliberalism, and historic mistakes of the Communist Party. His efforts have also included concerted attempts to seek a new model of great power relations with the United States. Xi is a princeling; he is the son of Xi Zhongxun, a former Politburo member and vice-premier who was one of the architects of Chinas Special Economic Zones in the early 1980s2. Mr. Xis cherry picking of approaches from each of the rival camps, analysts say, could end up miring his own agenda in intraparty squabbling. He is very important to me. Quoted from Bob Davis, Meeting Liu He, Xi Jinpings Choice to Fix a Faltering Chinese Economy, Wall Street Journal, October 6, 2013. Wang Qishans toughness, popularity among the Chinese public, expertise in finance, and international reputation have made him indispensable to Xi. To better deter Russian subversion, we suggest concentrating defensive efforts on the most vulnerable regions and institutions and ensuring Head of the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Air Traffic Control Committee of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (2018present), Head of the Production Safety Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for Building an Advanced Manufacturing Industry (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises of the State Council (2018present), Director of the General Office of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work of the CCP Central Committee (2013present), Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (2013present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2012present), The Forum consists of the countrys most influential economists and financial technocrats, including the current governor of the Peoples Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan; executive vice-governor Yi Gang; and former minister of finance, Lou Jiwei. Chinese society has changed profoundly since the Mao era. Birdsourcing ~ Citizen Scientist Ornithology! It is likely that their friendship developed through growing up together in the same neighborhood. Theres no doubt then it had direct endorsement from Xi Jinping, Mr. Li said. The first was Western constitutional democracy; others included promoting universal values of human rights, Western-inspired notions of media independence and civic participation, ardently pro-market neo-liberalism, and nihilist criticisms of the partys traumatic past. He joined the CCP in 1974. Convection currents transfer heat from one place to another by mass motion of a fluid such as water, air or molten rock. Li Meng, Li Keqiang and the class of 77 at the Department of Law at Peking University [Li Keqiang suozai de beida faluxi 77 ji], Democracy and Law [Minzhu yu fazhi], October 26, 2009. For more information on Chinas top party leaders, see our background profiles for the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee. Lis father-in-law, Cheng Jinrui, served as deputy secretary of the Henan Provincial CCYL Committee. Mr. Xi has indicated that he wants a party meeting in the fall to endorse policies that would give market competition and private businesses a bigger role in the economy and Marxist stalwarts in the party are deeply wary of such proposals. The warnings were not idle. The political establishment, while certainly composed of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is by no means monolithic. Communist Party cadres gathered around China to hear that power could escape their grip, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . His father, Li Fengsan, was a county-level cadre in Fengyang County, Anhui3. Liu served as deputy director of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work, where he was responsible for overseeing macro-economic policy-planning and drafting speeches for CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao to deliver at annual CCP national conferences on economic affairs (200311). According to an unverified source, Han Zhengs wife, Wan Ming, previously served as vice-chair of the Shanghai Charity Foundation. Other crossword clues with similar answers to 'Subsurface current'. Three years later, in 2000, he was appointed director of the State Council General Office of Economic Reform. 15963. Since the circular was issued, party-run publications and Web sites have vehemently denounced constitutionalism and civil society, notions that were not considered off limits in recent years. 2. Xi Jinping is widely considered to be a protg of both former PRC president Jiang Zemin and former PRC vice-president Zeng Qinghong. Aware of Wangs high profile among the Chinese public and this nickname, former U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner presented Wang with an authentic New York City Fire Department hat during Wangs visit to the United States in 2011.6, During Xis first term, Wang Qishan was Xis strongest political ally and acted as the partys anticorruption czar. Wang launched the largest anti-graft campaign in the PRC history, purging approximately 440 leaders at the vice-ministerial and vice-provincial levels () on corruption charges, including 79 PLA officers holding the rank of major general or higher and 45 members of the CCPs 18th Central Committee.7. He also served as a soldier in the 38th Group Army of the PLA (197073). discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Sun Chunlan was born on May 24, 1950, in Raoyang County, Hebei Province. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, Chinas new top leader. Psychological perspectives are different ways of thinking about and explaining human behavior. This marked the first time in CCP history that a plenum concentrated on law. For more information, see. (Here are the 19 ships and submarines in U.S. naval fleet . Others may see Xis reversal of constitutional constraints on term limits as heralding a return to an era of vicious power strugglesa zero-sum game in which they will also ruthlessly engage in the years to come. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. Promoting civic participation. Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), p. 268. Not much information is available regarding Hu Chunhuas family. The internal warnings to cadres show that Mr. Xis confident public face has been accompanied by fears that the party is vulnerable to an economic slowdown, public anger about corruption and challenges from liberals impatient for political change. These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. Below are background profiles for the seven top government leaders. Hu Chunhua has six siblings. They have been disillusioned by Xi's leadership ever since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of "seven subversive currents," including constitutional democracy . Like her mentor Hu Jintao, Sun is known for her keen interest in promoting a harmonious society, supporting policy initiatives for affordable housing, social welfare for low-income families, and poverty reduction. Its certainly had his approval and reflects his general views.. He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. Li received both a bachelors degree in law (1982) and a doctoral degree in economics (via part-time studies, 1994) from Peking University. In particular, his management of the SARS epidemic in the spring of 2003 has been taken as evidence of his efficacy in crisis.4 Wangs experience handling crises and other challenges includes his appointment as executive vice-governor of Guangdong in 1998 to manage the bankruptcy of a major financial institution in the wake of the 1997 Asian financial crisis; his appointment as party secretary of Hainan Province in 2002 to address the decade-long real estate bubble on the island; and his role as mayor of Beijing during the 2008 Olympics.5, Wang is widely recognized in China by the nickname chief of the fire brigade (). But they have been disappointed. Mandy Zuo, Partys number two woman Sun Chunlan named chief of Tianjin, South China Morning Post, November 22, 2012, (, Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for Belt and Road Initiative Construction (2018present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2007present). Lis mother-in-law, Liu Yiqing, was a journalist at the Xinhua News Agency. She joined the CCP in 1973. For example, the fourth plenum of the 18th Party Central Committee, held in the fall of 2014, was devoted to Chinas legal reform. subversive groups/activities. The couple has one daughter. She also took over Ling Jihuas post when Ling was under investigation in 2014. It was during his time in Shanghai that Han met five of his patron-mentors, namely Huang Ju, Wu Bangguo, Zhu Rongji, Zeng Qinghong, and Yu Zhengsheng, all of whom later served as members of the Politburo Standing Committee2. Liu served as a chief drafter of the communiqu at the Third Plenum of the 18th National Party Congress, which claimed to be version 2.0 of Chinas market development.5. Condemnations of constitutional government have prompted dismayed opposition from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former officials. Before her retirement, Yao worked as an official at the China Native Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation. Current below the surface. (, SeeXi Jinpings Personal Secretary Suddenly Speaks Prior to Chinas Two Conferences: Some People Are Attempting An Internal Coup In the Party. [] Boxun, February 25, 2018. subversive meaning: 1. trying to destroy or damage something, especially an established political system: 2. trying to. He also served as deputy head of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo Organizing Committee and head of the Executive Committee (200411). When you right-click in the folder and run "TortoiseSVN -> Switch" command, the "Switch to Branch / Tag" window appears on the screen. Li remained on the Politburo Standing Committee after the 19th Party Congress and retained his premiership for a second term at the 13th National Peoples Congress in March 2018. He then served as the first secretary of the Secretariat of the CCYL Central Committee (200608). Officials have intensified efforts to block access to critical views on the Internet. He served as party secretary of a production brigade in the county (197678). A party paper, known as Document No. It has not been openly published, but a version was shown to The New York Times and was verified by four sources close to senior officials, including an editor with a party newspaper. Current news at the front? If Xi pays heed to the warranted criticism, he may moderate his aims, uphold other institutional norms, and maybe even reconsider the wisdom of embarking on a third term. Also see Wu Ming, Chinas new leader: Biography of Xi Jinping [], enlarged new edition (Hong Kong: , 2010), p. 572. Han continued to advance his career in Shanghai, serving as vice-mayor (19982003), deputy party secretary (200212), mayor (200312), acting party secretary (2007), and finally party secretary (201217). At the same time, China is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda. Subversive Currents ~ China Fears Seven Perils. The campaign has also exhilarated leftist defenders of party orthodoxy, many of whom pointedly oppose the sort of market reforms that Mr. Xi and Prime Minister Li Keqiang have said are needed. These proposed constitutional revisions are the latestand most historically consequentialpower grab by the self-assured Chinese president. Han joined the CCP in 1979. Cognitive Perspective. He also developed good relations with Xi Jinping when Han served as Xis deputy in Shanghai in 2007, before Xi moved to Beijing to serve as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. However, several Chinese sources reveal that Wang and Xi became close friends over forty years ago, when both were sent-down youths in two neighboring counties in Yanan.3, Wang Qishan is viewed by the Chinese public as capable in crisis situations. Sun Chunlan comes from a humble background. On the other, his politically conservative approach to governancein particular, his reliance on ideological oversight and media censorshiphas left him at loggerheads with many of the countrys intellectuals. Reform efforts have centered on marginalizing the four PLA general departments that had undermined the authority of the civilian-led CMC; transforming Chinas military operations from a Russian-style, army-centric system toward what analysts call a Western-style joint command system; and swiftly promoting young guards to top positions in the officer corps. He served as vice-minister and deputy party secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (201318). Yet, Xi continues to favor Chinas industrial policy and has called for making flagship state-owned enterprises bigger and stronger.. But when the proposed constitutional changes are unsurprisingly approved by the National Party Congress next week, it will be left to Chinese society to determine whether to accept the risks of returning to winner-takes-all, strongman politics or instead continue down the path of Dengs reforms, with a government that incorporates Chinese-style checks and balances and honors the peaceful transition of power. Subsequently, Xi served as deputy secretary and then secretary of Zhengding County, Hebei Province (198285), and thereafter in Fujian Province as executive vice-mayor of Xiamen City (198588), party secretary of Ningde County (198890), party secretary of Fuzhou City (199096), deputy party secretary of Fujian Province (199699), governor of Fujian Province (19992002). Wang was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Yanan County, Shaanxi (1969-1971)2. Hu joined the CCP in 1983. (Of a ship) being moved by a tug. Not much information is available about Han Zhengs family. Some of this cognitive dissonance may be temporary compromises as Xi positions himself to gain broad support from various forces in the country. Convection is different from conduction, which is a transfer of heat between . Hu Chunhua was born into a family of very humble means. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursi. Rip currents often occur in deeper channels, between areas of breaking waves, and can flow at speeds up to 2 m/s. They have been disillusioned by Xis leadership ever since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of seven subversive currents, including constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Some analystsincluding usnaively hoped that Xi wanted more time to train, groom, and test a potential successor before identifying the candidate. Her father was a factory worker. Li Keqiang was born on July 1, 1955, in Dingyuan County, Anhui Province. She served as secretary of the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL) of the Light Industry Bureau of Anshan City (197477), and served as a manager and party official of the Anshan Textile Factory (197788). That has included a visit to a historic site where Mao undertook one of his own attempts to remake the ruling party in the 1950s. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. He was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Fengyang County, Anhui (197476)1. Within the Secretariat of the CCYL Central Committee, Li served as alternate member (198385), secretary (198593), and first secretary (199398). His parents were farmers in a poor and remote village within an ethnic minority autonomous county in Hubei Province. 9, issued in 2013 soon after Xi Jinping became party chief, warned that unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents such as support for Western . In fact, Xi attended the Bayi School and Beijing No. Liu Zhiyans second marriage resulted in one son and one daughter. In July 2001, Hu returned to Tibet, where he served as secretary-general (chief of staff) of the CCP Committee of Tibet (200103) and deputy party secretary and executive vice-governor of Tibet (200306). Subsequently, Han served as deputy secretary (199091) and secretary (199192) of the CCYL Shanghai Municipal Committee. subversive definition: 1. trying to destroy or damage something, especially an established political system: 2. trying to. Xi Jinpings close relationship with Wang Qishan has arguably been the most important factor facilitating the consolidation of Xis power and the implementation of his new policy initiatives since Xi took the top leadership post in 2012. Liu He is one of Xi Jinpings most trusted confidants3. His ancestral home is Fuping County, Shaanxi Province. He received an MBA from the School of Business Administration at Seton Hall University (199293) and an MPA from the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University (199495), where he was a Mason Research Fellow. Otherwise, based on his continued consolidation of power and ambitions for the countryand, indeed, himselfXis new era may resurrect an old problem. He then served as deputy director of the State Council Information Office, where he was in charge of e-commerce and international cooperation (200103). HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Seven months later, he was transferred to Beijing to serve as a Politburo Standing Committee member (2007present) and executive secretary of the Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee (200712). Psychodynamic Perspective. I enjoy her subversive sense of humor. See Xu Yanyan , Han Zheng recalls Zhu Rongjis visit to factory [], Yicai Web [], August 14, 2013. In other words, the party boss selects a team of rivals () in order to consolidate power.3. Since the document was issued, the campaign for ideological orthodoxy has prompted a torrent of commentary and articles in party-run periodicals. He served as deputy secretary (198792) and secretary (199295) of the CCYL in Tibet. 8893. For most of the Hu era, Li was seen as a possible successor to his mentor. Hu was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 17th Party Congress in 2007. Whilst transparent debate on China in our media, universities . Sun also completed a masters program in management at Liaoning University in Shenyang (via part-time studies, 199295) and a masters program in politics at the Central Party School (via part-time studies, 200003). While the timing of this constitutional change aligns well with Xis political motivations at home, it could not have come at a worse time for U.S.-China relations. Li Keqiang and Cheng Hong have one daughter, who received her undergraduate degree from Peking University and later studied in the United States, according to some unverified sources. HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Now the leftists feel very excited and elated, while the liberals feel very discouraged and discontented, said Professor Xiao, who said he was generally sympathetic to Mr. Xis aims. He later taught at Renmin University as an instructor (198687). 2, Wall Street Journal, December 20, 2013. According to some Chinese observers, Sun effectively constrained the power and influence of Bo Xilai in Dalian after she took over as the citys party chief from 2001 to 2005.3. : a systematic attempt to overthrow or undermine a government or political system by persons working from within also : the crime of committing acts in furtherance of such an attempt subversionary -zh-ner- adjective subversive -vr-siv adjective or noun subversively adverb subversiveness noun More from Merriam-Webster on subversion To Xi or not to Xi? the author's subversive attitude . Back-draught of a wave. In conjunction with his frequent meetings with foreign leaders in Guangdong, these trips abroad have helped to broaden Hus international experience. There certainly isnt a consensus on how much de-risking and decoupling is necessary to strike the right balance between national security concerns and upholding American values and principles that have long held dear the free flow of information, people, trade and open markets. Liu He is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker. Attempting to negate current leadership and deny the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics. As vice premier in charge of Chinas finance and economic structural reforms, Liu plays a key role in implementing Xis economic agenda, including that of innovation-driven and environment-sensitive urbanization, prevention of financial crisis, and poverty alleviation. Shanghai Charity Foundation government have prompted dismayed opposition from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded officials... Han served as deputy secretary ( 198792 ) and secretary ( 199192 ) of the era. 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